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Paul Cezanne
Paul Cézanne
Born: 19 January 1839; Aix-en-Provence, France
Died: 22 October 1906; Aix-en-Provence, France
Periods: Dark period, Impressionist period, Mature period, Final period
Field: painting
Nationality: French
Art Movement: Post-Impressionism
Paul Cezanne was a post-impressionist painter who created the bridge between impressionism and cubism, and is said to be the artistic father of both Matisse and Picasso. Although he was dissuaded by his father at an early age to pursue his passions in painting, he left his hometown of Provence for Paris, in 1861. It was there that he met Camille Pisarro, a popular impressionist painter, who served as his mentor and guide. He began painting in the impressionistic style, but later began to structurally order what he saw and painted into simple forms and planes of color. He also began to simplify the forms he painted into shapes, such as a tree into a column. Unlike many of the painters of his day, who focused on one or maybe two subject styles, Cezanne concentrated on still lifes, portraits, landscapes, and nude studies.
He began slowly in Paris, as all of his submissions to the Paris Salon between the years of 1864 and 1869 went rejected. He finally successfully entered a submission into the Paris Salon in 1882, which was also his last. In 1895, there was an exhibition held of all of his own works, signifying his growing success as an artist, but that same year he moved back to his hometown of Provence, where he continued to work in isolation.
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Forest, c.1890
The Card Players, 1892
Woman in a Green Hat (Madame Cezanne), 1894-1895
Mont Sainte-Victoire, c.1895
Basket of Apples, 1895
Bibemus Quarry, c.1900
Large Bathers, 1900
Chateau Noir, c.1904
Artworks by Style
Romanticism
The Kiss of the Muse, c.1860
Landscape with Mill, 1860
The Four Seasons, Autumn, 1861
The Four Seasons, Spring, 1861
The Four Seasons, Summer, 1861
The Four Seasons, Winter, 1861
A male nude, 1863
Woman with Parrot, c.1864
The Judgement of Paris, 1864
Seascape, 1864
Self-Portrait, 1864
Portrait of Emile Zola, 1864
Impressionism
The Railway Cutting, 1870
The Feast. The Banquet of Nebuchadnezzar, c.1870
Still Life Skull and Waterjug, c.1870
Factories Near Mont de Cengle, c.1870
Still Life Post, Bottle, Cup and Fruit, c.1871
Landscape with Watermill, 1871
The Halle aux Vins, seen from the rue de Jussieu, 1872
Strangled woman, 1872
Self-Portrait in a Casquette, c.1872
View of Auvers, 1873
View of Auvers, 1873
The Turn in the Road at Auvers, 1873
Post-Impressionism
Bathers at Rest, 1877
Dessert, 1877
Five Bathers, 1878
Four Bathers, 1878
Bottom of the Ravine, c.1879
Dish of Apples, 1879
Seated Woman, 1879
Still life, 1879
The Abandoned House, 1879
Three Pears, 1879
Bathers, 1880
Apples, Pears and Grapes, c.1880
Cubism
Forest, 1894
House and Trees, 1894
Maison Maria with a View of Chateau Noir, 1895
In the Woods, 1896
Bibemus. The Red Rock, 1897
Mont Sainte-Victoire, 1897
Bibemus Quarry, 1898
Bibemus Quarry, 1898
Farm at Montgeroult, 1898
In the Woods, 1898
Study of Bathers, c.1898
Turning Road at Montgeroult, 1899
Artworks by Periods
Dark period
Landscape with Mill, 1860
The Kiss of the Muse, c.1860
The Four Seasons, Autumn, 1861
The Four Seasons, Spring, 1861
The Four Seasons, Summer, 1861
The Four Seasons, Winter, 1861
A male nude, 1863
Fisherman on the Rocks, c.1864
Portrait of a Man, 1864
Portrait of a Man, 1864
Portrait of Emile Zola, 1864
Seascape, 1864
Impressionist period
A Modern Olympia, 1870
Bathers, 1870
Bathers, 1870
Factories Near Mont de Cengle, c.1870
Landscape, 1870
Landscape of Provence, 1870
Pastoral, or Idyll, 1870
Paul Alexis Reading a Manuscript to Emile Zola, c.1870
Paul Alexis Reading at Zola's House, 1870
Portrait of Anthony Valabregue, c.1870
Still Life Skull and Waterjug, c.1870
Still Life with Green Pot and Pewter Jug, c.1870
Mature period
Bottom of the Ravine, c.1879
Dish of Apples, 1879
Landscape with Waterline, c.1879
L'Estaque. View through the Trees, 1879
Path at the Entrance to the Forest, 1879
Seated Woman, 1879
Still life, 1879
Still Life with Apples, c.1879
Still life with open drawer, 1879
The Abandoned House, 1879
The Bay of l'Estaque and Saint-Henri, 1879
The Bridge at Maincy, 1879
Final period
Bathers, 1891
Madame Cezanne in a Yellow Chair, c.1891
Mercury after Pigalle, 1891
Peasant, 1891
The Drinker, 1891
Jacket on a Chair, 1892
Madame Cezanne in the Greenhouse, c.1892
Man with a Pipe, 1892
Smoker, 1892
The Card Players, 1892
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The farm of Bellevue, 1892
Tulips in a Vase, 1892
Artworks by Series
The Four Seasons
The Four Seasons, Autumn, 1861
The Four Seasons, Spring, 1861
The Four Seasons, Summer, 1861
The Four Seasons, Winter, 1861
Artworks by Genre
history painting
The Feast. The Banquet of Nebuchadnezzar, c.1870
religious painting
Christ in Limbo, 1867
The Temptation of St. Anthony, c.1870
The Temptation of St. Anthony, c.1877
Bathsheba, c.1890
Bathsheba, c.1890
mythological painting
The Judgement of Paris, 1864
The Abduction, 1867
Neried and Tritons, 1867
Satyres and Nymphs, 1867
The Battle of Love, 1876
Bacchanalia. The Battle of Love, 1880
The Battle of Love, 1880
Leda and the Swan, c.1882
Medea, 1882
literary painting
The Barque of Dante (after Delacroix), 1870
Don Quixote, View from the Back, c.1875
allegorical painting
The Four Seasons, Winter, 1861
The Four Seasons, Summer, 1861
The Four Seasons, Spring, 1861
The Four Seasons, Autumn, 1861
symbolic painting
The Kiss of the Muse, c.1860
The Eternal Woman, c.1877
The Eternal Woman, 1877
genre painting
Fisherman on the Rocks, c.1864
Promenade, 1866
The Rum Punch, 1867
Women Dressing, c.1867
The Feast, 1867
The Murder, c.1868
Preparation for the Funeral, 1869
Luncheon on the Grass, 1869
Girl at the Piano (Overture to Tannhauser), 1869
The Robbers and the Donkey, c.1870
Woman Diving into Water, c.1870
Pastoral, or Idyll, 1870
portrait
Woman with Parrot, c.1864
Portrait of a Man, 1864
Portrait of a Man, 1864
Portrait of Emile Zola, 1864
Father of the Artist, 1865
Uncle Dominique as a Lawyer, 1866
The Artist's Father Reading his Newspaper, 1866
Portrait of Uncle Dominique in a Turban, 1866
Portrait of Uncle Dominique as a Monk, c.1866
Portrait of Uncle Dominique, 1866
Portrait of Uncle Dominique, 1866
Portrait of Uncle Dominique in Profile, 1866
self-portrait
Self-Portrait, 1864
Self-Portrait, 1866
Self-Portrait in a Casquette, c.1872
Self-portrait, 1875
Self-portrait in front of pink background, 1875
Self-Portrait, 1880
Self-Portrait, 1880
Self-Portrait, c.1880
Self-portrait in front of olive wallpaper, 1881
Self-Portrait, 1882
Self-portrait with white turbaned (detail), 1882
Self-portrait with white turbaned, 1882
nude painting (nu)
A male nude, 1863
Standing Bather, Drying Her Hair, 1869
Reclining Nude, c.1877
Nude Female with Attendants, 1880
Nude Woman Standing, 1899
cityscape
Rue des Saules. Montmartre, 1867
The Halle aux Vins, seen from the rue de Jussieu, 1872
The House of Dr. Gached in Auvers, 1873
The Turn in the Road at Auvers, 1873
Eremitage, Pontoise, 1874
The House and the Tree, c.1874
Orchard in Pontoise, 1877
The Seine at Bercy, 1878
The Abandoned House, 1879
Houses Along a Road, c.1881
Roofs in L'Estaque, 1882
Cottaages, c.1885
landscape
Landscape with Mill, 1860
Landscape in the Ile de France, 1865
Landscape, 1866
View of Bonnieres, 1866
The Lion and the Basin at Jas de Bouffan, 1866
House in Provence, 1867
Landscape with fountain, 1867
Landscape, 1867
Landscape, 1867
Mont Sainte-Victoire, 1867
Clearing, 1867
Near Aix En Provence, c.1867
marina
Seascape, 1864
flower painting
Flowers in a Vase, 1873
Still life, Delft vase with flowers, 1874
Flowers in a Blue Vase, c.1875
Pot of Flowers, 1876
Two Vases of Flowers, c.1877
Bouquet of Flowers, c.1880
Dark Blue Vase, 1880
Flowers in an Olive Jar, c.1880
Flowers in a Vase, c.1882
Pot of Geraniums, c.1885
Pots of Geraniums, c.1888
Rose Bush, c.1888
still life
Still Life with Bread and Eggs, 1865
Sugar Bowl, Pears and Blue Cup, c.1866
Still Life Bread and Leg of Lamb, 1866
Amour in Plaster, c.1867
The Black Marble Clock, c.1870
Still Life with Green Pot and Pewter Jug, c.1870
Still Life Post, Bottle, Cup and Fruit, c.1871
Still Life Apples and a Glass, 1873
Still life with Italian earthenware jar, c.1874
Compotier and Plate of Biscuits, 1877
Dessert, 1877
Still Life, Bowl and Milk Jug, c.1877
vanitas
Still life with skull, candle and book, 1866
Still Life Skull and Waterjug, c.1870
Still Life with Skull, 1898
Pyramid of skulls, c.1900
Three Skulls on a Patterned Carpet, c.1900
The Three Skulls, c.1900
Still life with three skulls, c.1903
sketch and study
The Gravediggers, 1870
Guillaumin with the Hanged Man, 1873
Madame Cezanne with Hortensias, 1885
Fruits, c.1885
Seated Nude, c.1885
Study of an Apple, 1885
The Oak, 1885
Mercury after Pigalle, 1891
Man with a Pipe, 1895
House in Provence, c.1895
Almond Trees in Provence, 1900
interior
Curtains, 1885
Artworks by Technique
chalk
A male nude, 1863
fresco
The Harvesters, 1878
oil
The Kiss of the Muse, c.1860
Landscape with Mill, 1860
The Four Seasons, Autumn, 1861
The Four Seasons, Spring, 1861
The Four Seasons, Summer, 1861
The Four Seasons, Winter, 1861
The Judgement of Paris, 1864
Woman with Parrot, c.1864
Self-Portrait, 1864
Portrait of Emile Zola, 1864
Portrait of a Man, 1864
Portrait of a Man, 1864
pastel
Portrait of the Artist's Son, c.1890
pencil
Pot of Geraniums, c.1885
Pot of Ginger and Fruits on a Table, c.1890
Mercury after Pigalle, 1891
watercolor
Seascape, 1864
The Rum Punch, 1867
The Feast, 1867
Near Aix En Provence, c.1867
House in Provence, 1867
The Manor House at Jas de Bouffan, 1870
Woman Diving into Water, c.1870
The Gravediggers, 1870
The Fountain, 1872
Olympia, 1875
The Battle of Love, 1876
The Eternal Woman, c.1877
